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The essentials in plain language

GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple receptor agonist

Retatrutide

Published evidence · coverage incomplete

Anatomy in the research

Explore the structures studied.

These are anatomical mentions in cited research—not established treatment targets or proof of benefit in people.

Kidney · 1 cited passage(s)

Population: hk-2 cells; murine uuo and aging models

Given the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide) in diabetic nephropathy, we evaluated their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in non-diabetic renal fibrosis using HK-2 cells and murine UUO and aging models.

Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Evidence relationship: supports

Read finding and source →
Stomach · 1 cited passage(s)

Population: Population not specified in the source claim.

Retatrutide may delay gastric emptying.

Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Evidence relationship: supports

Read finding and source →

At a glance

What is it—and why does it matter?

Retatrutide is a novel triple agonist that targets the glucagon receptor, the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor, and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor. Retatrutide activates GLP-1R, GIPR, and the glucagon receptor. The main outcome was HbA1c change at 24 weeks; secondary outcomes included HbA1c and weight change at 36 weeks. Serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported.

Sources for this introduction: [1] [2] [3] [4]

This published profile is a reference in progress. Findings retain their source context; missing topics are marked below.

Simple guide

Retatrutide, in plain English

The main points from the published research. Each one links to the source it comes from.

What it is

  • Retatrutide is listed as a protein.

    Molecular data
    Source for this finding
    “Molecule type: Protein”
    RETATRUTIDE

What the research looks like

Most published findings come from studies in people.

Who or what was studied, across 79 findings:
  • 39 People 49%
  • 11 Animals or lab 14%
  • 29 Other or unclear 37%

Counts show where findings come from, not how strong they are. Animal and lab findings are counted together because study types have not been labelled for this profile yet.

What studies in people found

What animal and lab studies suggest

Not proven in people. Results in animals or cells often do not hold up in humans.

Safety

  • Do not use retatrutide if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.

    Regulatory recordApplies to: individuals with a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia
    Source for this finding
    “Do not use RETATRUTIDE if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.”
    dailymed-lead-42498bee
    “Do not use RETATRUTIDE if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.”
    dailymed-lead-425d04f6
  • Do not use retatrutide if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

    Regulatory recordApplies to: pregnant or breastfeeding individuals
    Source for this finding
    “Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Do not use if pregnant or breastfeeding.”
    dailymed-lead-42498bee
  • Using it with insulin or sulfonylureas may increase hypoglycemia risk.

    Regulatory record
    Source for this finding
    “Using it with insulin or sulfonylureas may increase the risk of hypoglycemia.”
    dailymed-lead-42498bee

How it's used

These describe specific products as labelled or studied. They are not dosing instructions.

  • From week 13 and beyond: 0.75 mL (10 mg) once weekly.

    Regulatory record
    Source for this finding
    “Week 13 and beyond 0.75 mL (10 mg) once weekly”
    dailymed-lead-42498bee
  • Each kit has Retatrutide 10 mg (lyophilized powder) and Sterile Water for Injection 1 mL.

    Regulatory record
    Source for this finding
    “Retatrutide 10 mg (lyophilized powder)Sterile Water for Injection 1 mL”
    dailymed-lead-425d04f6

What we don't know

  • Not yet covered in this profile: administration, regulatory status.

A missing finding does not mean something is safe or effective.

Study types are labelled automatically and can be wrong; each finding links to its source.

This is general information, not medical advice.

See all 84 findings and sourcesEvery finding, grouped by topic, with its exact source passages

What is it?

A molecule, not a product name.

Identity

Retatrutide is listed as a protein.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Molecule type: Protein”

    RETATRUTIDE · Molecule identity

Identity

Retatrutide is named as a newer GLP-1 receptor agonist-based obesity medication in this Review.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “This Review synthesises evidence from randomised controlled trials and high-quality meta-analyses on approved and late-stage investigational obesity medications, including phentermine-topiramate, naltrexone-bupropion, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (eg, liraglutide, semaglutide, subcutaneously and orally), and newer GLP-1 receptor agonist-based agents (eg, tirzepatide, survodutide, mazdutide, retatrutide, cagrilintide-semaglutide, and amycretin).”

    Beyond weight loss: multisystem benefits of obesity medications. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is described here as a GLP-1 receptor agonist.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Given the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide) in diabetic nephropathy, we evaluated their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in non-diabetic renal fibrosis using HK-2 cells and murine UUO and aging models.”

    Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is an investigational glucagon receptor agonist (GRA)-based agent.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Several investigational GRA-based agents, including retatrutide, cotadutide, mazdutide, and survodutide, have reported promising results across early and mid-phase clinical trials.”

    Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon Receptor Agonists on Metabolic Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. · INTRODUCTION

Identity

Retatrutide is described as a latest-generation multi-agonist that incorporates GLP-1.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Tirzepatide and retatrutide, the latest generation of GLP-1-incorporating multi-agonists, target multiple receptors in complementary systems to achieve marked and sustained weight loss.”

    Glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY multi-agonism with GEP44 to optimize weight loss and glycemic control while reducing gastrointestinal side effects: the future of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy? · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is a triple agonist for GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Tirzepatide (GLP-1/GIP dual agonist), CagriSema (GLP-1/amylin dual agonist), and retatrutide (GLP-1/GIP/glucagon triple agonist)”

    Engineered nutrient-stimulated hormonal multi-agonists for precision targeting of obesity and metabolic disorders. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a peptide that agonizes GCGR, GIPR, and GLP-1R.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide (LY3437943) is a triple peptidic agonist of the glucagon receptor (GCGR), glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R)”

    IUPHAR ligand commentary · General comments

Identity

Retatrutide is a peptide (IUPHAR Ligand ID 13769; INN: retatrutide).

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Name: retatrutide Ligand ID: 13769 Type: Peptide INN: retatrutide”

    retatrutide · Identity and approval

Identity

Each kit has retatrutide 10 mg as a lyophilized powder.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide 10 mg (lyophilized powder)”

    dailymed-lead-425d04f6 · Active ingredients (in each kit)

Identity

Retatrutide is a peptide that activates three receptors: glucagon, GIP, and GLP-1.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide, a triple agonist peptide targeting the glucagon receptor, GIP receptor, and GLP-1 receptor, shows promise in addressing this need.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide for the treatment of obesity: a systematic review of clinical trials. · INTRODUCTION

Identity

The inactive ingredient is sterile water for injection.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Sterile Water for Injection”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Inactive ingredients

Identity

Retatrutide is an injectable peptide agonist.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide is an injectable peptide agonist of GLP-1R, GIPR, and the glucagon receptor that is undergoing clinical trials for the management of obesity and diabetes.”

    The role of GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is a novel triple agonist that targets the glucagon receptor, the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor, and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide is a novel triple agonist that targets the glucagon receptor (GCGR), the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR), and the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R).”

    A Hydrophobic Tag-Assisted Liquid-Phase Strategy for the Synthesis of Retatrutide. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide activates GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptors.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide is a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon triple hormone receptor agonist, under clinical development for type 2 diabetes, obesity, and related complications.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. · BACKGROUND

Identity

Retatrutide is described as a triple agonist.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist tirzepatide and triple agonist retatrutide have shown unprecedented efficacy”

    Evolution of incretin-based therapies: From GLP-1 monotherapy to dual and triple agonists: A new era in metabolic therapy. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is a triple-receptor agonist.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “GLP‑1/glucagon dual-receptor agonists and triple-receptor agonists (such as retatrutide)”

    Synergistic Intervention for Obesity: Integrating Central Appetite Regulation and Peripheral Energy Expenditure. · RECENT FINDINGS

Identity

Retatrutide is a triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide, a triple GIP/GLP-1/glucagon receptor agonist,”

    Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. · Abstract

Identity

Each kit includes 1 mL of Sterile Water for Injection.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Sterile Water for Injection 1 mL”

    dailymed-lead-425d04f6 · Active ingredients (in each kit)

Identity

Retatrutide was one of the GLP-1-based polyagonists included in the trials reviewed in adults with MASLD or MASH.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The included GLP-1-based polyagonists-tirzepatide, survodutide, pemvidutide, retatrutide, and cotadutide-”

    Efficacy and Safety of Dual and Triple Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Based Polyagonists in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Steatohepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is a triple incretin agonist (GIP/GLP-1/glucagon).

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Beyond selective GLP-1 receptor agonism, dual (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide [GIP]/GLP-1) and triple (GIP/GLP-1/glucagon) incretin agonists, including tirzepatide and retatrutide, extend this paradigm”

    Incretin-based therapies in diabetic kidney disease: toward integrated cardio-kidney-metabolic disease modification. · Abstract

Identity

Retatrutide is listed as an “emerging agent” in this network meta-analysis of obesity drugs.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Emerging agents (ecnoglutide, mazdutide, retatrutide)”

    Comparative effects of drugs for adults with overweight or obesity: systematic review and network meta-analysis. · RESULTS

Identity

Retatrutide is an injectable peptide agonist that activates GLP-1R, GIPR, and the glucagon receptor.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide is an injectable peptide agonist of GLP-1R, GIPR, and the glucagon receptor”

    The role of GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. · Abstract

How does it work?

Target, response, and disposition.

Mechanism

The study presents hydrophobic tag-assisted liquid-phase peptide synthesis as a method to make Retatrutide.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “In this study, we present a novel method for the synthesis of Retatrutide, namely hydrophobic tag-assisted liquid-phase peptide synthesis (LPPS).”

    A Hydrophobic Tag-Assisted Liquid-Phase Strategy for the Synthesis of Retatrutide. · Abstract

Mechanism

Retatrutide activates GLP-1R, GIPR, and the glucagon receptor.

Molecular / pharmacology evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide is an injectable peptide agonist of GLP-1R, GIPR, and the glucagon receptor that is undergoing clinical trials for the management of obesity and diabetes.”

    The role of GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. · Abstract

Mechanism

In phase 2 trials in adults with obesity/overweight (with or without type 2 diabetes), researchers assessed lipoprotein and inflammatory biomarkers post hoc to further characterize retatrutide’s cardiometabolic effects.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “To further characterise the effects of retatrutide on cardiometabolic risk, lipoprotein and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed post hoc in phase 2 trials of adults with obesity/overweight with or without type 2 diabetes (T2D).”

    Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. · AIMS

Mechanism

In the UUO mouse model, retatrutide was associated with inhibition of both PI3K-AKT and NF-κB pathways.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “In the UUO model, semaglutide effects were associated with PI3K-AKT inhibition, tirzepatide effects with PI3K-AKT inhibition and PPAR pathway activation, and retatrutide effects with concurrent inhibition of both PI3K-AKT and NF-κB pathways.”

    Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice. · Abstract

Mechanism

The analysis used mixed models for repeated measures to estimate placebo-adjusted change from baseline.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Mixed models for repeated measures estimated placebo-adjusted change from baseline.”

    Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. · MATERIALS AND METHODS

Mechanism

Researchers collected fasting blood samples at baseline and during treatment to measure lipids, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein particle subclasses, and inflammatory biomarkers.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and during treatment to assess lipids, apolipoproteins, lipoprotein particle subclasses and inflammatory biomarkers.”

    Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. · MATERIALS AND METHODS

Mechanism

Retatrutide was studied as a stand-alone treatment in people whose type 2 diabetes was not controlled by diet and exercise alone.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of retatrutide as a monotherapy in people with type 2 diabetes that is inadequately controlled by diet and exercise alone.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. · BACKGROUND

Mechanism

The study tested whether Retatrutide can lessen learning and memory problems in a streptozotocin diabetic rat model.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The present study investigated whether Retatrutide attenuates learning- and memory-related impairments in a streptozotocin-induced, insulin-deficient diabetic rat model.”

    Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. · Abstract

Mechanism

In vitro, retatrutide activates all three receptors it targets.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide activates all 3 receptors in vitro”

    IUPHAR ligand commentary · General comments

Mechanism

The study was a 40-week phase 3 randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial at 48 sites in the USA, Mexico, and India.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “In this 40-week, phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at 48 sites in the USA, Mexico, and India”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. · METHODS

Mechanism

Retatrutide’s effects on diabetes-related cognitive problems were unclear.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “but its effects on diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction remain unclear.”

    Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. · Abstract

Pharmacokinetics

Retatrutide may delay gastric emptying.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide may delay gastric emptying.”

    dailymed-lead-425d04f6 · Warnings — Read carefully and tell your doctor if any apply to you.

What has been studied?

What the evidence says.

Comparative evidence

Retatrutide showed the largest weight reduction versus placebo among the agents listed.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide demonstrated the greatest weight reduction versus placebo (MD -13.44 kg; 95% CI [-18.38, -8.51]), followed by survodutide (MD -10.74 kg; 95% CI [-15.68, -5.80]) and mazdutide (MD -6.47 kg; 95% CI [-10.71, -2.24]). Cotadutide showed the smallest and nonsignificant effect (MD -3.41 kg; 95% CI [-11.63, 4.81]).”

    Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon Receptor Agonists on Metabolic Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. · RESULTS

Comparative evidence

In the included trials, 510 participants received retatrutide and 130 received placebo.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide was administered to 510 participants, while 130 received a placebo.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide for the treatment of obesity: a systematic review of clinical trials. · SUMMARY

Comparative evidence

This was a phase 2 randomized, double-blind trial comparing retatrutide with placebo and an active comparator in the USA.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “In this randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled and active comparator-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial, participants were recruited from 42 research and health-care centres in the USA.”

    Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. · METHODS

Comparative evidence

The review analyzed trials comparing dual or triple GLP-1-based polyagonists to placebo in adults with MASLD or MASH; retatrutide was among the polyagonists.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated randomized controlled trials comparing dual or triple GLP-1-based polyagonists with placebo in adults with MASLD or MASH.”

    Efficacy and Safety of Dual and Triple Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Based Polyagonists in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Steatohepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. · Abstract

Comparative evidence

At 36 weeks, retatrutide at 4 mg or higher led to significantly more weight loss than placebo and dulaglutide.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “For retatrutide doses of 4 mg and greater, decreases in weight were significantly greater than with placebo (p=0·0017 for the 4 mg escalation group and p<0·0001 for others) and 1·5 mg dulaglutide (all p<0·0001).”

    Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. · FINDINGS

Comparative evidence

Retatrutide lowered HbA1c more than placebo at most doses (not 0·5 mg), and more than dulaglutide at 8 mg slow escalation and 12 mg escalation.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “HbA1creductions with retatrutide were significantly greater (p<0·0001) than placebo in all but the 0·5 mg group and greater than 1·5 mg dulaglutide in the 8 mg slow escalation group (p=0·0019) and 12 mg escalation group (p=0·0002).”

    Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. · FINDINGS

Study findings

Compared with placebo, retatrutide reduced waist circumference (WMD -6.61 cm; 95 % CI -13.17, -0.05).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “waist circumference (WMD -6.61 cm; 95 % CI -13.17, -0.05)”

    Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

In adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes, retatrutide was associated with -22.1% placebo-subtracted weight loss (CI, -24.9% to -19.3%).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Numerically greater placebo-subtracted reductions were seen with emerging multiagonists, including -23.9% (CI, -29.3% to -18.5%) with amycretin and -22.1% (CI, -24.9% to -19.3%) with retatrutide.”

    Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Co-agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes : An Updated Systematic Review. · DATA SYNTHESIS

Study findings

At week 40, retatrutide lowered HbA1c more than placebo: -0·88% (4 mg), -1·04% (9 mg), and -1·12% (12 mg) vs placebo (all p<0·0001).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “For the treatment regimen estimand, the mean change from baseline in HbA1cconcentration was -1·69% (SE 0·11) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·86% (0·10) with 9 mg, and -1·94% (0·08) with 12 mg, versus -0·81% (0·12) with placebo, resulting in estimated treatment differences versus placebo of -0·88% (95% CI -1·18 to -0·59) with retatrutide 4 mg, -1·04% (-1·32 to -0·76) with 9 mg, and -1·12% (-1·39 to -0·85) with 12 mg (all p<0·0001).”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. · FINDINGS

Study findings

Retatrutide reduced fasting plasma glucose versus placebo (MD: -23.51 mg/dL; P < 0.00001).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide significantly reduced body weight (mean difference [MD]: -14.33%), body mass index (MD: -5.38), waist circumference (MD: -10.51 cm), fasting plasma glucose (MD: -23.51 mg/dL), hemoglobin A1c (MD: -0.91%), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -9.88 mm Hg and -3.88 mm Hg, respectively), all withPvalues < 0.00001.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

In diabetic rats, Retatrutide lowered blood glucose but did not stop weight loss.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide reduced blood glucose levels but did not prevent diabetes-associated weight loss.”

    Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. · Abstract

Study findings

In Study 2 (but not Study 1), retatrutide was linked to lower interleukin-6 (-29.6%).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide was associated with significant reductions in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-54.8%) and interleukin-6 (-29.6%) in Study 2 but not Study 1.”

    Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. · RESULTS

Study findings

Compared with placebo, retatrutide increased the chance of ≥20% weight loss (RR 16.61; 95% CI 4.17-66.12).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “≥20 % (RR 16.61; 95 % CI 4.17-66.12)”

    Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

Retatrutide lowered blood glucose in the diabetic rats.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide reduced blood glucose levels”

    Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. · Abstract

Study findings

In adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes, retatrutide was linked to -22.10% weight loss versus placebo (95% confidence interval -25.60% to -18.60%) in this network meta-analysis.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Compared with placebo, weight loss was greatest with retatrutide (-22.10%, 95% confidence interval -25.60% to -18.60%),”

    Comparative efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 based drugs for weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes: network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

At 24 weeks, 12 mg retatrutide had -17.5% weight change versus -1.6% with placebo.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The least-squares mean percentage change in body weight at 24 weeks in the retatrutide groups was -7.2% in the 1-mg group, -12.9% in the combined 4-mg group, -17.3% in the combined 8-mg group, and -17.5% in the 12-mg group, as compared with -1.6% in the placebo group.”

    Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial. · Abstract

Study findings

Adverse events did not differ significantly between retatrutide and placebo (relative risk: 1.11; P= 0.24).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “No significant difference in adverse events was observed between the groups (relative risk: 1.11,P= 0.24).”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

Retatrutide reduced waist circumference versus placebo (MD: -10.51 cm; P < 0.00001).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide significantly reduced body weight (mean difference [MD]: -14.33%), body mass index (MD: -5.38), waist circumference (MD: -10.51 cm), fasting plasma glucose (MD: -23.51 mg/dL), hemoglobin A1c (MD: -0.91%), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -9.88 mm Hg and -3.88 mm Hg, respectively), all withPvalues < 0.00001.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

Compared with placebo, retatrutide increased the chance of ≥10% weight loss (RR 9.32; 95% CI 4.56-19.06).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “≥10 % (RR 9.32; 95 % CI 4.56-19.06)”

    Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

The review included three articles; 1,082 patients were screened and 691 were randomized.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Three articles were included in this systematic review, screening a total of 1,082 patients, with 691 randomly assigned to groups.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide for the treatment of obesity: a systematic review of clinical trials. · SUMMARY

Study findings

Compared with placebo, retatrutide reduced BMI (WMD -4.53 kg/m2; 95 % CI -7.51, -1.55).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “body mass index (WMD -4.53 kg/m2; 95 % CI -7.51, -1.55)”

    Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

Retatrutide was tested for anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in non-diabetic renal fibrosis in HK-2 cells and mouse UUO and aging models.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “we evaluated their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in non-diabetic renal fibrosis using HK-2 cells and murine UUO and aging models.”

    Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice. · Abstract

Study findings

At 36 weeks, bodyweight dropped more as retatrutide dose increased (up to 16·94%), compared with 3·00% with placebo and 2·02% with dulaglutide.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Bodyweight decreased dose dependently with retatrutide at 36 weeks by 3·19% (SE 0·61) for the 0·5 mg group, 7·92% (1·28) for the 4 mg escalation group, 10·37% (1·56) for the 4 mg group, 16·81% (1·59) for the 8 mg slow escalation group, 16·34% (1·65) for the 8 mg fast escalation group, and 16·94% (1·30) for the 12 mg escalation group, versus 3·00% (0·86) with placebo and 2·02% (0·72) with 1·5 mg dulaglutide.”

    Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. · FINDINGS

Study findings

Retatrutide reduced body weight versus placebo (MD: -14.33%; P < 0.00001).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide significantly reduced body weight (mean difference [MD]: -14.33%), body mass index (MD: -5.38), waist circumference (MD: -10.51 cm), fasting plasma glucose (MD: -23.51 mg/dL), hemoglobin A1c (MD: -0.91%), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -9.88 mm Hg and -3.88 mm Hg, respectively), all withPvalues < 0.00001.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

The main outcome was HbA1c change at 24 weeks; secondary outcomes included HbA1c and weight change at 36 weeks.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The primary endpoint was change in HbA1cfrom baseline to 24 weeks, and secondary endpoints included change in HbA1cand bodyweight at 36 weeks.”

    Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. · METHODS

Study findings

Retatrutide did not stop the diabetes-related weight loss.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “but did not prevent diabetes-associated weight loss.”

    Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. · Abstract

Study findings

At 48 weeks, 1 mg retatrutide had -8.7% weight change versus -2.1% with placebo.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “At 48 weeks, the least-squares mean percentage change in the retatrutide groups was -8.7% in the 1-mg group, -17.1% in the combined 4-mg group, -22.8% in the combined 8-mg group, and -24.2% in the 12-mg group, as compared with -2.1% in the placebo group.”

    Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial. · Abstract

Study findings

Retatrutide reduced weight more than placebo (MD -13.44 kg; 95% CI [-18.38, -8.51]).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide demonstrated the greatest weight reduction versus placebo (MD -13.44 kg; 95% CI [-18.38, -8.51])”

    Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon Receptor Agonists on Metabolic Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

At 24 weeks, 1 mg retatrutide once weekly reduced body weight by -7.2% (least-squares mean) versus -1.6% with placebo.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The least-squares mean percentage change in body weight at 24 weeks in the retatrutide groups was -7.2% in the 1-mg group, -12.9% in the combined 4-mg group, -17.3% in the combined 8-mg group, and -17.5% in the 12-mg group, as compared with -1.6% in the placebo group.”

    Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial. · Abstract

Study findings

In Study 2 (but not Study 1), retatrutide was linked to lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-54.8%).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide was associated with significant reductions in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-54.8%) and interleukin-6 (-29.6%) in Study 2 but not Study 1.”

    Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. · RESULTS

Study findings

Retatrutide reduced BMI versus placebo (MD: -5.38; P < 0.00001).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide significantly reduced body weight (mean difference [MD]: -14.33%), body mass index (MD: -5.38), waist circumference (MD: -10.51 cm), fasting plasma glucose (MD: -23.51 mg/dL), hemoglobin A1c (MD: -0.91%), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (MD: -9.88 mm Hg and -3.88 mm Hg, respectively), all withPvalues < 0.00001.”

    Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. · RESULTS

Study findings

At 48 weeks, 12 mg retatrutide had -24.2% weight change versus -2.1% with placebo.

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · 1 linked study ID

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “At 48 weeks, the least-squares mean percentage change in the retatrutide groups was -8.7% in the 1-mg group, -17.1% in the combined 4-mg group, -22.8% in the combined 8-mg group, and -24.2% in the 12-mg group, as compared with -2.1% in the placebo group.”

    Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial. · Abstract

Study findings

In two phase 2 studies of adults with obesity/overweight, retatrutide was linked to lower non-HDL cholesterol (up to -21.0% in Study 1 and up to -26.9% in Study 2).

Human research · design must be checked

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “In both studies, retatrutide was associated with significant reductions in non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Study 1: up to -21.0%, Study 2: up to -26.9%)”

    Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. · RESULTS

Study findings

Retatrutide was tested for anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in non-diabetic renal fibrosis in HK-2 cells and mouse UUO and aging models.

Animal / laboratory evidence

1 cited source · Study independence not established

Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Given the therapeutic potential of GLP-1 receptor agonists (semaglutide, tirzepatide, and retatrutide) in diabetic nephropathy, we evaluated their anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects in non-diabetic renal fibrosis using HK-2 cells and murine UUO and aging models.”

    Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice. · Abstract

Studied populations

It has not been studied in patients with severe GI disorders; use is not recommended.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Severe gastrointestinal disease: RETATRUTIDE has not been studied in patients with severe GI disorders; use is not recommended.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

Risks and interactions

Risks, organized for scanning.

Contraindications

Do not use retatrutide if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.

Regulatory record

2 cited sources · 2 regulatory records

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

2 cited passages across 2 source records.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Do not use RETATRUTIDE if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

  2. supports · Source-backed record
    “Do not use RETATRUTIDE if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.”

    dailymed-lead-425d04f6 · Warnings — Read carefully and tell your doctor if any apply to you.

Contraindications

Do not use it if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Do not use RETATRUTIDE if you have a history of recurrent or severe hypoglycemia.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

Contraindications

Do not use retatrutide if you are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Do not use if pregnant or breastfeeding.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

Interactions

Using it with insulin or sulfonylureas may increase hypoglycemia risk.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Using it with insulin or sulfonylureas may increase the risk of hypoglycemia.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

Safety findings

Acute pancreatitis has been reported with GLP-1 receptor agonists.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Pancreatitis: Acute pancreatitis has been reported with GLP-1 receptor agonists.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

Safety findings

Serious allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Allergic reactions: Serious hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis) have been reported.”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Warnings

Products and regulatory status

Same ingredient. Different records.

This profile does not yet contain a published summary for this topic. This is a coverage gap, not evidence that no research exists.

Administration context

The practical clinical context.

Dose records

From week 13 and beyond: 0.75 mL (10 mg) once weekly.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Week 13 and beyond 0.75 mL (10 mg) once weekly”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Titration schedule:

Dose records

Each kit has Retatrutide 10 mg (lyophilized powder) and Sterile Water for Injection 1 mL.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Retatrutide 10 mg (lyophilized powder)Sterile Water for Injection 1 mL”

    dailymed-lead-425d04f6 · Active ingredients (in each kit)

Dose records

For weeks 1–4, the dose is 0.19 mL (2.5 mg) once weekly.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Weeks 1–4 0.19 mL (2.5 mg) once weekly”

    dailymed-lead-42498bee · Titration schedule:

Dose records

After reconstitution, the concentration is 10 mg/mL.

Regulatory record

1 cited source · 1 regulatory record

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record.

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “10 mg ÷ 1 mL = 10 mg/mL.”

    dailymed-lead-425d04f6 · Directions — Preparation & Dosing (basic patient summary)

Additional research & classification gaps

5 archived statements are kept separate from drug-effect findings. Media studies, economic models, methods, and records with unresolved scope are not used as medical-effect evidence.

Inspect contextual research (5)
Research context · scope unclassified

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Retatrutide is currently made mostly using solid-phase peptide synthesis, which has limitations in efficiency, scalability, and structural flexibility.

Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.

Research context · scope unclassified

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Hydrophobic tag-assisted LPPS is presented as a practical and flexible alternative to conventional SPPS for making Retatrutide.

Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.

Research context · scope unclassified

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

The preferred name is RETATRUTIDE.

Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.

Research context · scope unclassified

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Retatrutide’s ChEMBL ID is CHEMBL5095485.

Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.

Research context · scope unclassified

1 cited source · Study independence not established

How to read this evidence

Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.

1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.

Retatrutide is also known as LY-3437943 and LY3437943.

Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.

Research status + gaps

What still needs better answers?

  • Not yet covered in this profile: administration, regulatory status.
  • Some extracted findings are not shown because they did not pass Peplexicon's automated evidence checks.

These are the limits of this profile, not an exhaustive list of scientific uncertainties.

References + discovery

Open the records yourself.

  1. RETATRUTIDE ↗

    chembl-molecule · published August 29, 2026 · retrieved August 29, 2026

  2. dailymed-lead-42498bee ↗

    dailymed · published October 29, 2025 · retrieved September 4, 2026

  3. dailymed-lead-425d04f6 ↗

    dailymed · published October 30, 2025 · retrieved September 4, 2026

  4. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial. ↗

    doi · published June 26, 2023 · retrieved September 4, 2026

  5. IUPHAR ligand commentary ↗

    iuphar-comments · published August 29, 2026 · retrieved August 29, 2026

  6. retatrutide ↗

    iuphar-ligand · published August 29, 2026 · retrieved August 29, 2026

  7. Retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist, for people with type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active-controlled, parallel-group, phase 2 trial conducted in the USA. ↗

    pubmed · published August 12, 2023 · retrieved September 4, 2026

  8. Effects of once-weekly subcutaneous retatrutide on weight and metabolic markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ↗

    pubmed · published December 1, 2024 · retrieved September 9, 2026

  9. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a novel GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptor agonist for obesity treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. ↗

    pubmed · published January 1, 2025 · retrieved September 9, 2026

  10. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide for the treatment of obesity: a systematic review of clinical trials. ↗

    pubmed · published July 1, 2025 · retrieved September 9, 2026

  11. Engineered nutrient-stimulated hormonal multi-agonists for precision targeting of obesity and metabolic disorders. ↗

    pubmed · published April 1, 2026 · retrieved September 2, 2026

  12. Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon Receptor Agonists on Metabolic Outcomes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials. ↗

    pubmed · published March 1, 2026 · retrieved September 6, 2026

  13. Evolution of incretin-based therapies: From GLP-1 monotherapy to dual and triple agonists: A new era in metabolic therapy. ↗

    pubmed · published April 1, 2026 · retrieved August 26, 2026

  14. Beyond weight loss: multisystem benefits of obesity medications. ↗

    pubmed · published August 1, 2026 · retrieved August 21, 2026

  15. A Hydrophobic Tag-Assisted Liquid-Phase Strategy for the Synthesis of Retatrutide. ↗

    pubmed · published June 12, 2026 · retrieved September 6, 2026

  16. Synergistic Intervention for Obesity: Integrating Central Appetite Regulation and Peripheral Energy Expenditure. ↗

    pubmed · published June 6, 2026 · retrieved September 6, 2026

  17. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial. ↗

    pubmed · published June 13, 2026 · retrieved September 4, 2026

  18. Effects of retatrutide on learning and memory in streptozotocin-induced male diabetic rats. ↗

    pubmed · published October 2, 2026 · retrieved August 29, 2026

  19. Comparative effects of drugs for adults with overweight or obesity: systematic review and network meta-analysis. ↗

    pubmed · published July 8, 2026 · retrieved August 24, 2026

  20. Efficacy and Safety of Dual and Triple Glucagon-Like Peptide-1-Based Polyagonists in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Steatohepatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ↗

    pubmed · published June 1, 2026 · retrieved August 29, 2026

  21. The role of GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonists in the treatment of diabetes and obesity. ↗

    pubmed · published September 1, 2026 · retrieved August 27, 2026

  22. Glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY multi-agonism with GEP44 to optimize weight loss and glycemic control while reducing gastrointestinal side effects: the future of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy? ↗

    pubmed · published January 1, 2026 · retrieved August 21, 2026

  23. Retatrutide-Associated Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Biomarkers in Adults With Obesity With or Without Type 2 Diabetes. ↗

    pubmed · published August 17, 2026 · retrieved August 29, 2026

  24. Comparative effects of semaglutide tirzepatide and retatrutide on renal fibrosis in UUO and aged mice. ↗

    pubmed · published September 18, 2026 · retrieved August 25, 2026

  25. Efficacy and Safety of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Co-agonists for Weight Loss Among Adults Without Diabetes : An Updated Systematic Review. ↗

    pubmed · published September 1, 2026 · retrieved September 1, 2026

  26. Incretin-based therapies in diabetic kidney disease: toward integrated cardio-kidney-metabolic disease modification. ↗

    pubmed · published September 1, 2026 · retrieved September 3, 2026

  27. Comparative efficacy and safety of glucagon-like peptide 1 based drugs for weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity without diabetes: network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. ↗

    pubmed · published January 1, 2026 · retrieved September 5, 2026

Publication history and provenance

Version 19 · Automated assessment · September 12, 2026

91485b50c98035fff5c95596ad5459d4c8fddec4e3d3dd410351074bac59fcd1