At a glance
What is it—and why does it matter?
Exenatide acts as an agonist at the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor. As an incretin mimetic, exenatide mimics gut incretins and increases glucose-dependent (food-stimulated) insulin secretion from the pancreas. The source states that, across seven clinical trials (n=2845 adults with type 2 diabetes), subcutaneous exenatide 5 microg b.i.d. for 4 weeks then 10 microg b.i.d. produced dose-dependent reductions in body weight. Adult tolerability commonly includes gastrointestinal adverse effects, specifically nausea and diarrhoea.
Each sentence above is copied from a published claim presentation. The links open its evidence record.
Immediate- and extended-release products are not interchangeable dosing formats. [1]Regulatory labelByetta prescribing informationCurrent DailyMed label for immediate-release exenatide.
Identity + structure
A molecule, not a product name.
| Preferred name | Exenatide | Ingredient |
|---|---|---|
| Pharmacologic class | GLP-1 receptor agonist | Profile record |
| Peptide structure | 39 amino acids | Profile record |
| Also indexed as | exenatide · exendin-4 analog | Search aliases |
Mechanism + clinical pharmacology
Target, response, and disposition.
Activates GLP-1 receptors, enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing inappropriately elevated glucagon, slowing gastric emptying, and reducing food intake. [1]Regulatory labelByetta prescribing informationCurrent DailyMed label for immediate-release exenatide.
Evidence ledger
What the evidence says.
These are evidence statements, not individualized medical instructions. Product, dose, population, and study context remain attached to each source.
Study findings
What studies observed in defined populations, comparators, and time periods.
Using baseline-adjusted area-under-the-curve for GLP-1 during the OGTT at 8 weeks, the exenatide add-on arm showed the greatest overall GLP-1 exposure versus the comparator regimens.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In vitro release testing indicated sustained/controlled release kinetics lasting beyond one month.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
When treatment was initiated later, PT320 (sustained-release exenatide) produced only partial improvement of neuropsychiatric deficits in the model.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this randomized placebo-controlled trial, exenatide extended release reduced 2-hour plasma glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test relative to placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this rat model, exenatide increased anti-inflammatory/antioxidant-related measures (IL-10, glutathione, total antioxidant status) versus doxorubicin alone by the stated percentages.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this randomized placebo-controlled trial, exenatide did not show detectable differences or trends compared with placebo on clinical and cognitive outcomes.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Methodological heterogeneity (design/reporting variability) prevented disentangling the standalone impact of lifestyle co-interventions from other factors.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a placebo-controlled randomized trial, exenatide extended release reduced subcutaneous adipose tissue volume relative to placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, exenatide extended release led to lower body weight relative to placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
When PT320 (exenatide) was started early in MP mice, it prevented development of anxiety- and depression-like phenotypes during disease progression.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this retrospective matched cohort, GLP-1RA exposure was associated with increased odds of voice and resonance disorders compared with controls (OR 1.19; p = 0.002).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Using a Parkinson’s disease mouse model, the study reports that early initiation of long-acting PT320 prevented anxiety- and depression-like behaviors during progression.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Following 16 weeks of exenatide add-on therapy, circulating irisin concentrations were lower than baseline, with a statistically significant difference (P= 0.031).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this placebo-controlled trial, exenatide extended release was associated with a reduction in percent of BMI at the 95th percentile relative to placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In the doxorubicin-challenged rat model, exenatide raised hepatic SIRT1 levels relative to doxorubicin alone by the reported percentage.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this placebo-controlled trial, exenatide extended release showed no statistically significant change in liver fat content relative to placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In an observational, real-world cohort of adults with obesity, initiation of exenatide was associated with a modest average percent weight change of approximately -4.0% at 12 months.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The trial conclusion reports associations between exenatide and modest improvements in selected self-reported dietary behaviors (food/drink choice adherence and portion sizes) and increased self-reported physical activity.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a randomized placebo-controlled trial in adolescents with obesity, exenatide was associated with higher adherence scores for recommended food and drink choices compared with placebo over 6 months.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The abstract identifies key limitations—study designs were often case reports/small observational studies, with heterogeneity and few randomized controlled trials—constraining confidence in agent-specific effects (including for exenatide).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this 8-week randomized comparison of insulin regimens with or without exenatide, fasting GLP-1 levels were not different across groups.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The study links late-start PT320 (exenatide) effects in MP mice to neurochemical and protein changes in the nucleus accumbens: enhanced phasic dopamine release and recovery of tyrosine hydroxylase expression.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The source states that, across seven clinical trials (n=2845 adults with type 2 diabetes), subcutaneous exenatide 5 microg b.i.d. for 4 weeks then 10 microg b.i.d. produced dose-dependent reductions in body weight.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The conclusion reports that exenatide was not associated with changes in objective physical activity measures or other lifestyle factors.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled Phase II study over 18 months reported exenatide safety and tolerability in early Alzheimer’s disease.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
For OGTT-derived baseline-adjusted AUC endpoints, glucagon and GIP did not show significant between-group differences at 8 weeks in this randomized trial.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The intervention produced partial correction of injury-associated biomarkers rather than complete normalization to control values.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a propensity score-matched retrospective cohort, GLP-1 receptor analogue exposure was associated with increased 6-month odds of any laryngeal manifestations versus controls (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.16-1.21; p < 0.0001).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Three pivotal trials reported significant A1C reductions with exenatide given by twice-daily self-injection as add-on treatment compared with placebo in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients inadequately controlled on maximum doses of metformin and/or sulfonylurea.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In the doxorubicin-challenged rat model, exenatide reduced serum HMGB1 and hepatic 99mTc-pyrophosphate uptake by the reported percentages versus doxorubicin alone.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this rat model, exenatide reduced inflammatory signaling markers (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6) relative to doxorubicin alone by the stated percentages.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this randomized placebo-controlled trial, exenatide extended release decreased waist circumference relative to placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Bulk RNA sequencing in MP mice treated with PT320 (exenatide) reported upregulation of Akt3, CREB, BDNF, and TrkB transcripts and modulation of gene programs related to mitochondrial homeostasis.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
When administered early in disease progression, sustained-release exenatide (PT320) prevented the development of anxiety- and depression-like phenotypes in this Parkinson’s disease mouse model.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In vitro, exenatide reduced the proportion of dead cells in the reported experimental setup.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In vitro, exenatide partially countered decreases in cell viability induced by oxidative stress (H2O2) and mitochondrial uncoupling (CCCP).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
A comparative study reported a mean HbA1c reduction of 1.9 percentage points at 30 weeks for once-weekly Bydureon versus 1.5 points for exenatide administered twice daily.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The source states an association between adjunctive subcutaneous twice-daily exenatide and progressive, statistically significant reduction in bodyweight from baseline, with duration reported as up to 2 years.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a randomized placebo-controlled trial in adolescents with obesity, exenatide was associated with lower portion-size scores than placebo over 6 months.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this randomized comparison of insulin regimens with or without exenatide, glucagon and GIP response patterns were not different across treatment groups.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Eligible evidence in this review comprised both preclinical and clinical studies that examined how exenatide affects Aβ and tau pathology.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Cell-type-specific inhibitory chemogenetics in mice indicated that PrkcdCeA and Glp1rCeA neuron populations contribute to Exendin-4–induced hypophagia, whereas SstCeA neurons did not.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a randomized placebo-controlled trial, exenatide was associated with greater self-reported physical activity than placebo in adolescents with obesity over 6 months.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this retrospective matched cohort, GLP-1RA exposure was associated with increased odds of cough compared with controls (OR 1.46; p < 0.0001).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
When PT320 (exenatide) was initiated later in MP mice, the study reports only partial amelioration of neuropsychiatric deficits, indicating reduced effectiveness relative to early treatment.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The review states that, across seven clinical trials (n=2845 adults with type 2 diabetes; treatment duration 16 weeks to 3 years), subcutaneous exenatide given 5 microg b.i.d. for 4 weeks then 10 microg b.i.d. reduced HbA1c in a dose-dependent manner.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this rat model, exenatide reduced oxidative stress–related measures (malondialdehyde, total oxidant status, nitric oxide) versus doxorubicin alone by the stated percentages.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group trial, weekly exenatide extended release produced a reduction in BMI-SDS relative to placebo over six months in adolescents with obesity.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Co-interventions alongside pharmacotherapy were inconsistently described and spanned minimal counseling to comprehensive multidisciplinary lifestyle programs (nutrition, exercise, behavioral/family support).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In cell-based experiments, exenatide preserved mitochondrial membrane potential under the tested conditions.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
After 8 weeks of randomized therapy, the exenatide add-on arm showed the greatest baseline-adjusted GLP-1 response across multiple post-OGTT timepoints (30, 60, 90 minutes).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
A comparative study reported mean HbA1c reductions at 24 weeks of 1.6 points for Bydureon versus 0.9 points for exenatide given twice daily.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
In this randomized trial in adults with T2DM on basal insulin, adding exenatide twice daily was associated with higher post-OGTT GLP-1 concentrations at early timepoints (30 and 60 minutes) at 8 weeks versus other insulin regimens.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In the authors’ conclusion, GLP-1RA/GIP use is associated with higher rates of laryngeal symptoms, with cough and voice/resonance disorders highlighted as notable outcomes.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this randomized placebo-controlled trial, exenatide showed no between-group differences versus placebo for several behavioral and objective activity/fitness measures (meal frequency, snacking, sleep, screen time, objectively measured physical fitness or activity).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Comparative evidence
How the studied intervention compared with another intervention, comparator, or threshold.
This compares positivity rates across tumor aggressiveness groups for 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT; it does not directly quantify head-to-head performance against 68Ga-exendin-4 within the same patients.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The source makes a comparative statement that exenatide achieved a similar overall intensity of glycaemic control as two insulin regimens (once-daily insulin glargine; twice-daily biphasic insulin aspart).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The source states a comparator finding: in the context of co-administration with metformin, overall hypoglycaemia rates on exenatide were similar to those observed with placebo.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The source states that, in the context of combined therapy with metformin and a sulfonylurea, hypoglycaemia rates on exenatide were similar to those seen with insulin comparator treatments.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Mechanism
Source-backed statements about targets, pathways, and biological response.
Based on associated changes in mitochondrial dynamics markers, exenatide is suggested to bias regulation toward fusion-dominant mitochondrial dynamics.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a cell-based radioligand binding assay, exenatide competitively displaced [125I]GLP1 from human GLP1R (a GLP-1 receptor binding measure) with IC50 0.66 nM.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The proposed mechanism links exendin-4’s behavioral effects to GLP-1 receptor activation within BLA neurons.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The biochemical pattern aligns with modulation of SIRT1-HMGB1/NF-κB-related signaling, yet causal mechanism is not demonstrated by the data presented.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Hormone secretion was measured during a 2-hour OGTT at baseline and after stopping treatment at 8 weeks, with blood levels checked every 30 minutes.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
GLP-1 functions as an incretin hormone and promotes insulin secretion in a glucose-dependent manner.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In the stated disease models (atRAL-loaded 661W cells and light-exposed Abca4-/-Rdh8-/- mice), the GLP-1R–cAMP–PKA–CREB1 pathway is reported to be markedly reduced, suggesting impaired GLP-1R downstream signaling under atRAL stress.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Bulk RNA sequencing findings reported increased expression of Akt3, CREB, BDNF, and TrkB and modulation of mitochondrial-homeostasis-related genes in the context of PT320 treatment.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Fiber photometry in vivo showed that peripheral Exendin-4 activates CeA neurons; blocking GLP-1 receptors with Exendin-9 prevented this neural activation.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Because this was pretreatment, findings primarily address prevention/attenuation in the model, not treatment of established injury.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a GLP-1 receptor functional assay, exenatide acted as an agonist at human GLP1R in CHO cells, producing a cAMP-linked luciferase signal with EC50 0.004 nM.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Across the reported models, exenatide exposure was associated with increased expression of OPA1, a mitochondrial dynamics protein.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
For cross-agent comparison (including exenatide), the study operationalized a composite endpoint by merging injection-site events with other skin-related adverse events into an adjusted category called "Skin and Injection-Site Reactions."
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
As an incretin mimetic, exenatide enhances glucose-dependent pancreatic insulin secretion following food intake.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Efficacy was assessed using a time-to-event composite endpoint including death, stroke, renal failure requiring dialysis, or new/worsening heart failure during follow-up.
1 cited source · 1 linked study ID
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
As an incretin mimetic, exenatide mimics gut incretins and increases glucose-dependent (food-stimulated) insulin secretion from the pancreas.
2 cited sources · 2 regulatory records
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
3 cited passages across 2 source records.
Observed biomarker changes align with (but do not prove) a role for SIRT1-HMGB1/NF-κB-related signaling in exenatide’s effects in this model.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In vitro experiments evaluated how peptide concentration and receptor engagement relate to insulin secretion and beta-cell turnover outcomes.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide was associated with enhanced phosphorylation of Drp1 at Ser637, a post-translational modification relevant to mitochondrial fission–fusion regulation.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Pharmacokinetics
How the studied compound is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and cleared.
Pharmacokinetics: exenatide has a reported mean terminal half-life of 2.4 hours in humans.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
GLP-1 is described as having a short in vivo half-life (rapid clearance or degradation in vivo).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In murine plasma, the ELA peptide series showed confirmed enzymatic stability (a preclinical stability finding).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
A human pharmacokinetic record in impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) patients reports terminal half-life (T1/2) of 2.4 hr at 10 ug given subcutaneously twice daily.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The renal-impairment pharmacokinetic data report a 3.37-fold increase in mean exenatide exposure in end-stage renal disease subjects receiving dialysis compared with normal renal function.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
In vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation in rats was reported to yield about 28 days of systemic drug exposure from the sustained-release microspheres.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as a large peptide; its molecular weight is 4187 daltons, which can limit transfer into breast milk.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Oral delivery of GLP-1 analog peptides is limited by enzymatic degradation and low intestinal permeability, reducing oral bioavailability.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The absorption profile states a median time to peak plasma concentration (Tmax) of 2.1 hours following subcutaneous dosing in patients with type 2 diabetes.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Safety findings
Observed or labeled risks, adverse effects, and safety signals.
Pancreatitis, including serious and sometimes fatal types, has been seen in people treated with BYETTA and other GLP-1 receptor agonists.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Adult tolerability described: nausea and diarrhoea are identified as the most common adverse effects.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
In studies, adverse events reported in >1/10 patients included hypoglycaemia in the context of concomitant sulphonylurea therapy (± metformin), and gastrointestinal effects (nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea).
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Immunogenicity with BYETTA includes anti-exenatide antibody development; a subset of antibody-positive patients in 30-week, 24-week, and 16-week studies had attenuated glycemic response rates of 3%, 4%, and 1%, respectively.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Concomitant therapy with agents that increase insulin (insulin secretagogues) or exogenous insulin is associated in labeling with increased hypoglycemia risk when combined with exenatide.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Adult tolerability commonly includes gastrointestinal adverse effects, specifically nausea and diarrhoea.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
2 cited passages across 1 source record.
Device safety: exenatide injection pens must not be shared between patients (even with needle changes) due to blood-borne pathogen transmission risk.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A serious safety risk noted is observed acute pancreatitis events (including hemorrhagic/necrotizing, fatal and non-fatal) in patients treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists that include exenatide.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A safety warning states that acute pancreatitis (including hemorrhagic or necrotizing forms, fatal and non-fatal) has been observed in patients receiving GLP-1 receptor agonists, including exenatide (BYETTA).
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Never share a BYETTA pen, even with a new needle, because it can spread blood-borne infections.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Contraindications
Circumstances in which a specific product label says it should not be used.
Contraindication: exenatide injection should not be used in patients with a history of prior severe hypersensitivity reaction to exenatide or any excipients.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A labeled contraindication for exenatide (BYETTA) is a history of severe hypersensitivity to exenatide or any component of the product.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A labeled contraindication is a history of severe hypersensitivity to exenatide or excipients in the product.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
2 cited passages across 1 source record.
Do not use BYETTA if you previously had drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia from an exenatide medicine.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Do not use Byetta if you are allergic to exenatide or any ingredient in the product.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Contraindication: prior drug-induced immune-mediated thrombocytopenia attributed to exenatide products precludes use of exenatide injection.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
BYETTA is not recommended for people with severe kidney impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min) or end-stage kidney disease.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Do not use exenatide injection if you have had a severe allergic reaction to exenatide or its ingredients.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Do not use BYETTA if you have had a severe allergic reaction to exenatide or any ingredient in BYETTA.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A history of severe hypersensitivity to exenatide or any BYETTA excipient is a labeled contraindication.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A listed contraindication is prior severe hypersensitivity to exenatide or any excipient in the product.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Interactions
Source-backed product and drug interaction statements.
By delaying gastric emptying, exenatide (BYETTA) can decrease the rate of absorption for orally administered medications.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Because BYETTA contains exenatide, combining it with other exenatide-containing products is not recommended.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The text states that initiation of Bydureon alongside insulin may require insulin dose adjustment.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Concomitant therapy with exenatide (BYETTA) and a sulfonylurea is stated to increase hypoglycemia risk, implying a pharmacodynamic interaction affecting glucose levels.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The product labeling recommends avoiding concomitant use with other exenatide-containing medicines to prevent duplicate therapy/exposure.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Using BYETTA with a sulfonylurea or insulin can raise the risk of low blood sugar, including severe low blood sugar.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Because BYETTA slows gastric emptying, it can decrease both the rate and extent of absorption of concomitantly administered oral medications.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Concomitant use with a sulphonylurea may require sulphonylurea dose reduction to mitigate hypoglycaemia risk.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Do not use BYETTA together with other medicines that contain exenatide.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
A postmarketing interaction signal reports elevated INR values (with some bleeding cases) during concomitant warfarin and BYETTA use.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Regulatory status
Product-, indication-, and jurisdiction-specific regulatory records.
The labeled indication is adjunctive therapy (with diet and exercise) for improving glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
3 cited passages across 1 source record.
Regulatory status stated: the European Commission granted an EU-wide marketing authorisation for Bydureon on 17 June 2011.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Administration
Product-specific route, timing, formulation, and use instructions—not universal dosing advice.
The labeled injection sites for subcutaneous administration are the thigh, abdomen, or upper arm.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
3 cited passages across 1 source record.
Byetta is given via subcutaneous injection (thigh, abdomen, or upper arm) using a pen device.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
If you use insulin too, inject BYETTA and insulin separately and never mix them; they can be in the same body region but not next to each other.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The dosing schedule stated is once-weekly subcutaneous injection with permitted injection sites including abdomen, thigh, or posterior upper arm.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Start BYETTA at 5 mcg twice daily within 60 minutes before morning and evening meals; if needed, increase to 10 mcg twice daily after 1 month. Inject under the skin in the thigh, abdomen, or upper arm, and do not give after a meal.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
BYETTA is supplied as a clear, colorless exenatide solution in single-patient-use prefilled pens delivering either 5 mcg or 10 mcg per dose, both at 250 mcg/mL and providing 60 doses per pen.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
If using insulin too, inject exenatide separately and never mix them; you can use the same body region but not right next to each other.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Byetta is injected under the skin in the thigh, tummy, or upper arm using a pen.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Exenatide Injection, USP is a clear, colorless sterile solution for under-the-skin injection with 250 mcg/mL exenatide.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
For concomitant insulin use, exenatide should be injected separately (no mixing), and while the same body region is acceptable, injections should not be adjacent.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
BYETTA is administered via subcutaneous injection with approved injection sites including thigh, abdomen, or upper arm.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Dose records
Product- and indication-specific dose statements preserved separately to prevent unsafe generalization.
The recommended titration is 5 mcg subcutaneously twice daily pre-meal, with potential escalation to 10 mcg twice daily after 1 month depending on clinical response.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The label ties the timing of dose increase to reducing gastrointestinal adverse reactions and notes it is based on clinical response.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Dose escalation is described as moving from initiation dosing to 10 mcg twice daily after 1 month of therapy, contingent on clinical response.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
In a clinical study, three people with type 2 diabetes each took a single 100 mcg subcutaneous overdose (10-times the maximum recommended dose).
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Recommended initiation dosing is 5 mcg subcutaneously twice daily, timed pre-meal within 60 minutes before the two main meals separated by approximately 6 hours or more.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The recommended initiation dose for exenatide (BYETTA) is 5 mcg subcutaneously twice daily pre-meal, with optional titration to 10 mcg twice daily after 1 month depending on clinical response.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The dosage forms include a sterile exenatide solution at 250 mcg/mL packaged in prefilled pens designed to deliver unit doses of 5 mcg or 10 mcg, with 60 doses per pen.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Recommended initiation dosing is 5 mcg subcutaneously twice daily, timed within 60 minutes before the morning and evening meals (or the two main meals, approximately 6 hours or more apart).
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
2 cited passages across 1 source record.
The dosage forms are prefilled pen injectors containing exenatide 250 mcg/mL, delivering either 5 mcg or 10 mcg unit doses, with 60 doses per pen.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Byetta usually starts at 5 micrograms twice a day for at least 1 month, then may be increased to 10 micrograms twice a day.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
More than 10 micrograms twice a day is not recommended for Byetta.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The recommended initiation regimen is 5 mcg subcutaneously twice daily timed within 60 minutes before the morning and evening meals, with explicit instruction to avoid post-meal administration.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
3 cited passages across 1 source record.
The dosing regimen described is initiation at 5 micrograms BID for ≥1 month with optional titration to 10 micrograms BID; doses above 10 micrograms BID are not recommended.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Dose escalation: based on clinical response, exenatide injection may be increased to 10 mcg twice daily; this escalation is recommended after 1 month of therapy.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Studied populations
Who was represented in a study, label, or registry record.
The stated treated population includes adults and pediatric patients aged 10 years and above with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control on other diabetes medicines; it is used in combination therapy (including with long-acting insulin).
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Byetta is used for type-2 diabetes.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Byetta is indicated for the treatment of type-2 diabetes.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Exenatide (as Bydureon) is used as combination therapy (including with long-acting insulin) for type 2 diabetes in adults and in paediatric patients aged 10 years and above with inadequate glycaemic control on other medicines.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Labeled renal-use guidance for exenatide: avoid in end-stage renal disease or severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance <30 mL/min), and use cautiously in renal transplant patients.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
For renal impairment, the document specifies exenatide (BYETTA) is not recommended in end-stage renal disease or severe renal impairment defined by creatinine clearance < 30 mL/min.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Identity
Ingredient, molecule, and product identity statements.
A unimolecular hybrid peptide combining GLP-1 and apelin elements was examined (ELA), together with multiple acylated ELA variants (ELA-Lys12(γGluPal), ELA-Lys27(γGluPal), ELA-Lys38(γGluPal)).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Within a frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, exenatide extended release was treated as an individual GLP-1 receptor agonist regimen in the evidence network.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In a narrative review focused on childhood obesity treatments, exenatide is listed as one of the medications the authors intend to cover.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide was included among the GLP-1 receptor agonist exposures compared in this observational (target trial emulation) analysis.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is classified pharmacologically as an agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide was studied as an initiated GLP-1 receptor agonist in a retrospective new-user cohort of adults with obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as a synthetic peptide that mimics incretin activity and has glucoregulatory (blood-glucose regulating) effects.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Byetta’s active ingredient is exenatide, formulated as a solution for injection and provided in prefilled pens delivering 5 or 10 micrograms per dose.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Exenatide is categorized as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), a class of incretin-based therapies.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
ChEMBL reports the molecular formula for exenatide as C184H282N50O60S.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this nanocarrier, exenatide is chemically conjugated onto sitagliptin-loaded chitosan–selenium nanoparticles (Sita-Ex-Cs-SeNPs).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is classified as an agonist of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1).
1 cited source · 1 linked study ID
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Byetta is an injectable exenatide medicine in prefilled pens that give 5 or 10 micrograms per dose.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Exenatide is a peptide identified from Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum) venom.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Within the set of included pediatric studies of GLP-1 receptor agonists/dual GIP–GLP-1 agonists, exenatide was one of the agents studied (5 studies).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is classified as a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist.
1 cited source · 1 linked study ID
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Exenatide is classified as an agonist of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as a synthetic form of the naturally occurring peptide for clinical use.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
BYETTA is a sterile subcutaneous injection solution (250 mcg/mL exenatide) supplied in prefilled pens: 5 mcg per dose (60 doses, 1.2 mL) or 10 mcg per dose (60 doses, 2.4 mL).
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
In this systematic review, exenatide is treated as a GLP-1 receptor agonist and was among the GLP-1 RAs whose primary research evidence was included when examining associations with suicidality.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is specified as a 39-amino acid peptide amide, with an empirical formula (C184H282N50O60S) and molecular weight (4186.6 Daltons), which are identity-defining physicochemical attributes.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
PT320 is described as a sustained-release formulation of the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
2 cited passages across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide was included among the GLP-1 receptor agonist drug names used to define GLP-1 RA exposure.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
PT320 is described as a sustained-release formulation of the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Within the GLP-1 receptor agonist drug class evaluated here, exenatide was one of the specific agents included.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as a synthetic version of a protein originally found in Gila monster saliva.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
ChEMBL reports a molecular weight value of 4186.64 for exenatide.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this source, ligand identifier 1135 corresponds to the peptide named exendin-4.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is presented as a synthetic form of exendin-4 (EX-4), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Within the GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) literature on human energy expenditure, exenatide appeared as a monotherapy intervention in four included studies.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide acts as an agonist at the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as a synthetic peptide that acts as a GLP-1 receptor agonist, and its origin of identification is attributed to Heloderma suspectum.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
Exenatide is classified here as a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), grouped with other GLP-1 RAs studied.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this retrospective cohort, exenatide was one of several GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) used to define the medication-exposed group (obesity plus IBD) compared with bariatric surgery.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide was used as a GLP-1 receptor agonist intervention in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
Animal or laboratory findings do not establish benefit or safety in people.
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Chemically, exenatide is a peptide amide composed of 39 amino acids; the stated molecular mass is 4186.6 Daltons.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
The ChEMBL sequence section provides a protein/peptide sequence component for exenatide: SPPPAGSSPGGNKLWEIFLRVAEEEMQKSLDSTFTGEGH.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is the active substance in Bydureon.
1 cited source · 1 regulatory record
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record.
In ChEMBL, exenatide is classified as a protein molecule (preferred name: EXENATIDE; ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL414357).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Additional research & classification gaps
27 archived statements are kept separate from drug-effect findings. Media studies, economic models, methods, and records with unresolved scope are not used as medical-effect evidence.
Inspect contextual research (27)
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Somatostatin receptor imaging with 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT showed higher positivity in aggressive insulinomas than in indolent insulinomas (92.0% vs. 67.7%), with P = 0.047.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET in indolent and aggressive insulinoma: Diagnostic performance, quantitative differences, and clinical implications.
Conversely,68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT demonstrated a higher positivity rate in aggressive insulinomas compared with indolent cases (92.0% vs. 67.7%, P = 0.047).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Within the evidence network, exenatide (S-EXE) was one of the intervention nodes evaluated against a control node described as placebo in most trials and non-placebo in one trial.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight management in mental illness: a network meta-analysis.
alongside a control group (placebo, k = 8; non-placebo, k = 1).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Using 68Ga-exendin-4 PET/CT, detection was significantly lower in aggressive insulinomas than in indolent tumors (76.0% vs. 98.4%), with P = 0.002 indicating a statistically significant difference.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET in indolent and aggressive insulinoma: Diagnostic performance, quantitative differences, and clinical implications.
Detection rate for aggressive insulinomas was significantly lower than that for indolent tumors (76.0% vs. 98.4%, P = 0.002).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Early termination reduced statistical power, limiting the ability to draw firm conclusions from the trial.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.
The study was underpowered due to early termination and therefore we cannot draw any firm conclusions.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In an intermittent HFD paradigm, inhibiting Glp1rCeA neurons counteracted Exendin-4’s suppression of palatable, energy-dense food intake.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- The central amygdala gates exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1 signals.
We used intermittent high-fat diet (HFD) access and found that inhibition of Glp1rCeAneurons significantly rescued the reduction of HFD consumption by Ex-4.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
These diagnostic performance numbers apply to indolent insulinomas in this study and depend on the stated reference standard; they may not generalize to other settings.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET in indolent and aggressive insulinoma: Diagnostic performance, quantitative differences, and clinical implications.
For indolent insulinomas,68Ga-exendin-4 PET/CT demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.4%, specificity of 71.4%, and accuracy of 95.8%.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Diagnostic performance for indolent insulinoma with 68Ga-exendin-4 PET/CT was high, with sensitivity 98.4%, specificity 71.4%, and accuracy 95.8%.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET in indolent and aggressive insulinoma: Diagnostic performance, quantitative differences, and clinical implications.
For indolent insulinomas,68Ga-exendin-4 PET/CT demonstrated a sensitivity of 98.4%, specificity of 71.4%, and accuracy of 95.8%.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In this placebo-controlled trial, exenatide did not produce differences or trends versus placebo in MRI measures of cortical thickness and volume.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- A Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.
Exenatide treatment produced no differences or trends compared to placebo for clinical and cognitive measures, MRI cortical thickness and volume, or biomarkers in CSF, plasma, and plasma neuronal extracellular vesicles (EV) except for a reduction of Aβ42 in EVs.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Controlling the secondary emulsification temperature within 2-8 °C was reported to improve particle size characteristics, yielding smaller and more uniform particles.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Development of Chondroitin Sulfate ‑ Stabilized PLGA Microspheres of Exenatide via Polarity Gradient Extraction.
The secondary emulsification temperature of 2-8 °C produced smaller and more uniform particles.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
When Glp1rCeA neurons were inhibited, Exendin-4’s ability to reduce standard chow intake was only modestly diminished.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- The central amygdala gates exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1 signals.
Having observed that inhibition of Glp1rCeAmodestly attenuated Ex-4 induced hypophagia of standard chow, we then tested whether these neurons might mediate Ex-4 suppression of energy-dense, palatable diet.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Inhibitory chemogenetics targeting all CeA neurons diminished Exendin-4–induced hypophagia, indicating CeA neuronal activity contributes to this feeding suppression.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- The central amygdala gates exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1 signals.
Chemogenetic inhibition of all CeA neurons significantly suppressed the hypophagic actions of Ex-4.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The review states that during GLP-1 RA–associated weight loss (including exenatide), lean mass reduction accounts for 20-30% of total weight loss.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Incretin-Based Therapies in Sports: Pharmacological Mechanisms, Performance-Enhancing Potential, and Anti-Doping Implications-A Narrative Review.
but also reduce lean mass by 20-30% of total weight loss.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Baseline NT-proBNP acted as a prognostic biomarker: increasing NT-proBNP was associated with higher hazards of MACE, all-cause mortality, CV death, and hospitalization for heart failure.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- pubmed-42102896
Baseline NT-proBNP was strongly prognostic (adjusted HR per 1 integer unit 1.63 for MACE, 1.85 for ACM, 2.17 for CV death, and 2.17 for hHF; all P < .001).
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The review’s stated objective included evaluating exenatide in relation to key Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers: hyperphosphorylated tau and beta-amyloid (Aβ).
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- The effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on Alzheimer's pathophysiology: A systematic review.
This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of liraglutide, semaglutide, exenatide and dulaglutide on AD pathology with a focus on the key biomarkers: hyperphosphorylated tau and Aβ.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
GLP-1 analogs (a peptide drug class) are described as highly effective for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- A two-tier protection strategy for oral delivery of GLP-1 peptides: lipid-based formulation combined with enteric capsules.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, in particular, are highly effective for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, yet their oral bioavailability remains limited by enzymatic degradation and poor intestinal permeability.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
In ChEMBL, exenatide is associated with brand-name synonyms including Byetta and Bydureon.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- EXENATIDE
AC-002993; AC002993; AC 2993; AC-2993; AC2993; AC-2993A; AC2993A; AC-2993LAR; Bydureon; Bydureon bcise; Bydureon pen; Byetta; DA-3091; Exenatida; Exenatide; Exenatide synthetic; Exendin 4; EXENDIN-4; ITCA-650; LY-2148568; LY2148568
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is identified as a synthetic form of exendin-4.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Pharmacology of exenatide (synthetic exendin-4): a potential therapeutic for improved glycemic control of type 2 diabetes.
Exenatide (synthetic exendin-4)
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The ChEMBL synonym set for exenatide includes Exendin 4/EXENDIN-4, indicating these names refer to the same recorded molecule entry.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- EXENATIDE
AC-002993; AC002993; AC 2993; AC-2993; AC2993; AC-2993A; AC2993A; AC-2993LAR; Bydureon; Bydureon bcise; Bydureon pen; Byetta; DA-3091; Exenatida; Exenatide; Exenatide synthetic; Exendin 4; EXENDIN-4; ITCA-650; LY-2148568; LY2148568
2 cited sources · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
2 cited passages across 2 source records. 2 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as suppressing inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion, a mechanism relevant to postprandial glycemic control.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide: a review from pharmacology to clinical practice.
suppressing inappropriately high glucagon secretion
- Exenatide: from the Gila monster to the pharmacy.
Exenatide offers a wide range of beneficial glucoregulatory effects, including enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, restoration of first-phase insulin response, suppression of inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Results fit with SIRT1–HMGB1/NF-κB signaling involvement, but they don’t prove it causes the effect.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury Through Modulation of SIRT1-HMGB1 Signaling and Oxidative Stress.
The findings are consistent with involvement of SIRT1-HMGB1/NF-κB-related signaling, but they do not establish causality.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Hydrophobic ion pairing of exenatide (EXE-HIP) with sodium docusate at a 1:4 molar ratio is reported to increase lipophilicity, reflected by log P values of -2.9 ± 0.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 for EXE.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- A two-tier protection strategy for oral delivery of GLP-1 peptides: lipid-based formulation combined with enteric capsules.
EXE-HIP was prepared with sodium docusate (1:4 molar ratio), which increased lipophilicity (log P = -2.9 ± 0.3 vs. 0.9 ± 0.2 for EXE)
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is stated to delay gastric emptying, which can contribute to reduced postprandial glucose excursions.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide: a review from pharmacology to clinical practice.
and delaying gastric emptying.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as delaying gastric emptying.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide: from the Gila monster to the pharmacy.
Exenatide offers a wide range of beneficial glucoregulatory effects, including enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, restoration of first-phase insulin response, suppression of inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion, slowing of gastric emptying
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is stated to blunt postprandial plasma glucose increases via enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide: a review from pharmacology to clinical practice.
It blunts the postprandial rise of plasma glucose by increasing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as restoring the early (first-phase) insulin response.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide: from the Gila monster to the pharmacy.
Exenatide offers a wide range of beneficial glucoregulatory effects, including enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, restoration of first-phase insulin response
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
Exenatide is described as reducing food intake as part of its glucoregulatory effects.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- Exenatide: from the Gila monster to the pharmacy.
Exenatide offers a wide range of beneficial glucoregulatory effects, including enhancement of glucose-dependent insulin secretion, restoration of first-phase insulin response, suppression of inappropriately elevated glucagon secretion, slowing of gastric emptying, and reduction of food intake.
1 cited source · Study independence not established
How to read this evidence
Sources and study IDs describe provenance, not clinical strength. Several articles can report the same study; one study can support several distinct findings. No clinical strength rating has been assigned here.
1 cited passage across 1 source record. 1 publication group(s) lack a resolved study identity.
The developed optimized lipid-based formulation is reported with a final particle size of 106 nm.
Research context only—not evidence of a treatment effect.
- A two-tier protection strategy for oral delivery of GLP-1 peptides: lipid-based formulation combined with enteric capsules.
with a final particle size of 106 nm,
Safety + tolerability
Risks, organized for scanning.
Contraindications
- Serious hypersensitivity
- Product-specific renal and thrombocytopenia restrictions must be checked
Common effects
- Nausea
- Hypoglycemia with selected therapies
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Dyspepsia
Serious risks
- Acute pancreatitis
- Acute kidney injury
- Severe gastrointestinal disease
- Immunogenicity
- Injection-site reactions for extended-release products
Structured from current product labeling [1]Regulatory labelByetta prescribing informationCurrent DailyMed label for immediate-release exenatide.
Products + regulatory context
Same ingredient. Different records.
| Product | Form | Profile scope | Record |
|---|---|---|---|
| Byetta | Twice-daily subcutaneous injection | Adjunct to diet and exercise in type 2 diabetes. | [1]Regulatory labelByetta prescribing informationCurrent DailyMed label for immediate-release exenatide. |
| Bydureon BCise | Weekly extended-release injection | Type 2 diabetes; formulation-specific administration and warnings. | DailyMed ↗ |
Do not infer dosing, interchangeability, or an approved use from the ingredient name alone. Open the current label for the exact product and presentation.
Administration, interactions + monitoring
The practical clinical context.
- Administration boundary
- Subcutaneous; timing and frequency are formulation-specific. [1]Regulatory labelByetta prescribing informationCurrent DailyMed label for immediate-release exenatide.
Research status + gaps
What still needs better answers.
1323 compiled claim(s) withheld by automated assurance: assurance_score_below_0.58 (835), assurance_score_below_0.72 (398), current_regulatory_source_required (276), evidence_scope (404), extraction_ambiguity (706), high_risk_requires_regulatory_or_two_independent_sources (464), no_direct_support (1225), proposal_not_staged (31)
How Peplexicon reads evidence
- Authority
- What kind of source is making the statement?
- Independence
- Do multiple citations represent separate studies—or the same evidence repeated?
- Directness
- Does the population, product, dose, outcome, and time horizon match the claim?
- Consistency
- Do credible sources support, qualify, or contradict one another?
References + discovery
Open the records yourself.
- 1Regulatory labelByetta prescribing informationOpen ↗
Current DailyMed label for immediate-release exenatide.
- 2Literature indexEvery PubMed result for exenatideOpen ↗
Live National Library of Medicine literature search; results are not pre-screened or deduplicated.
- 3Trial registryEvery registered study for exenatideOpen ↗
Live ClinicalTrials.gov search, including completed, active, and historical records.
- 4Chemical recordexenatide chemical recordOpen ↗
PubChem compound search from the National Library of Medicine.
- 5Published evidence snapshotChEMBL activities for CHEMBL414357Open ↗
chembl-activities · T6
Published 2026-08-21 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 6Published evidence snapshotEXENATIDEOpen ↗
chembl-molecule · T6
Published 2026-08-21 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 7Published evidence snapshotThese highlights do not include all the information needed to use BYETTA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for BYETTA.BYETTA® (exenatide) injection, for subcutaneous useInitial U.S. Approval: 2005Open ↗
dailymed · T1
Published 2025-09-02 · retrieved 2026-08-18T22:03:23Z - 8Published evidence snapshotThese highlights do not include all the information needed to use BYETTA safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for BYETTA.BYETTA®(exenatide) InjectionInitial U.S. Approval: 2005Open ↗
dailymed · T1
Published 2012-03-12 · retrieved 2026-08-18T22:03:37Z - 9Published evidence snapshotThese highlights do not include all the information needed to use EXENATIDE INJECTION safely and effectively. See full prescribing information for EXENATIDE INJECTION.EXENATIDE injection, for subcutaneous useInitial U.S. Approval: 2005Open ↗
dailymed · T1
Published 2026-05-27 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 10Published evidence snapshotBydureon | European Medicines Agency (EMA)Open ↗
ema · T6
Published 2026-08-18 · retrieved 2026-08-18T22:03:35Z - 11Published evidence snapshotByetta | European Medicines Agency (EMA)Open ↗
ema · T6
Published 2026-08-25 · retrieved 2026-08-25T11:03:02Z - 12Published evidence snapshotIUPHAR ligand commentaryOpen ↗
iuphar-comments · T6
Published 2026-08-21 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 13Published evidence snapshotexendin-4Open ↗
iuphar-ligand · T6
Published 2026-08-21 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 14Published evidence snapshotPharmacology of exenatide (synthetic exendin-4): a potential therapeutic for improved glycemic control of type 2 diabetes.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2004-02-15 · retrieved 2026-09-09T18:01:29Z - 15Published evidence snapshotExenatide: from the Gila monster to the pharmacy.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2006-01-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T21:47:28Z - 16Published evidence snapshotExenatide: a review of its use in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (as an adjunct to metformin and/or a sulfonylurea).Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2007-01-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T21:47:29Z - 17Published evidence snapshotExenatide: a review from pharmacology to clinical practice.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2009-06-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T21:47:29Z - 18Published evidence snapshotExendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, provides neuroprotection in mice transient focal cerebral ischemia.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2011-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-28T14:48:12Z - 19Published evidence snapshotExenatideOpen ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2006-01-01 · retrieved 2026-08-28T12:18:09Z - 20Published evidence snapshotA Pilot Study of Exenatide Actions in Alzheimer's Disease.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2019-01-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T18:01:29Z - 21Published evidence snapshotA 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of weekly exenatide in adolescents with obesity.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2020-07-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T18:01:30Z - 22Published evidence snapshotEfficacy of the Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist Exenatide in Patients Undergoing CABG or Aortic Valve Replacement: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Trial.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2025-05-01 · retrieved 2026-08-18T22:03:28Z - 23Published evidence snapshotExenatide induces an enhanced endogenous glucagon-like peptide-1 secretory response in patients receiving basal insulin.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2026-06-17 · retrieved 2026-08-18T22:03:25Z - 24Published evidence snapshotEffects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (Mono and Combination Therapy) on Energy Expenditure: A Scoping Review.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 25Published evidence snapshotAssociation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Suicidality: A Systematic Review.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2026-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 26Published evidence snapshotUnimolecular GLP-1/Apelin Hybrid Peptides Cause Prominent Appetite Suppression, as Well as Enhancing Insulin Secretion, Beta-Cell Survival and Glycaemic Regulation.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-06-01 · retrieved 2026-09-05T08:43:42Z - 27Published evidence snapshotPreferred Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Established Cardiovascular Disease or High Cardiovascular Risk: A Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-04-10 · retrieved 2026-09-02T08:48:30Z - 28Published evidence snapshotChildhood Obesity, Medications, and Surgeries.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-04-16 · retrieved 2026-09-06T08:45:32Z - 29Published evidence snapshotThe effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on Alzheimer's pathophysiology: A systematic review.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2026-06-01 · retrieved 2026-09-05T08:43:42Z - 30Published evidence snapshotGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Systemic and Ocular Vascular Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 31Published evidence snapshotpubmed-42102896Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-17 · retrieved 2026-08-17T23:05:51Z - 32Published evidence snapshotGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity Without Diabetes.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 33Published evidence snapshotComparison of IBD-related outcomes in patients with obesity treated with GLP-1 receptor agonists versus bariatric surgery.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-04-01 · retrieved 2026-08-25T22:30:24Z - 34Published evidence snapshotEvaluation of the safety profile of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a focus on thyroid cancer-related adverse events by using the European pharmacovigilance database.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-05-28 · retrieved 2026-09-06T08:45:32Z - 35Published evidence snapshotExendin-4 averts all-trans-retinal-driven damage to photoreceptors and the retina via the GLP-1R/PKA/CREB1 signaling axis.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-05-30 · retrieved 2026-09-09T08:36:24Z - 36Published evidence snapshotThe GLP-1 Agonist Exenatide Is Associated with Improved Adherence to Health Behavior and Lifestyle Treatment in Adolescents with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-06-02 · retrieved 2026-09-05T08:43:42Z - 37Published evidence snapshotA two-tier protection strategy for oral delivery of GLP-1 peptides: lipid-based formulation combined with enteric capsules.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-01-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T08:36:24Z - 38Published evidence snapshotGLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: Clinical Outcomes and the Impact of Nutritional and Behavioral Co-Interventions-A Systematic Review.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2026-05-22 · retrieved 2026-09-06T08:45:32Z - 39Published evidence snapshotComparison of Specific Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Kidney Outcomes Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-09-01 · retrieved 2026-09-05T08:30:31Z - 40Published evidence snapshotThe central amygdala gates exogenous glucagon-like peptide 1 signals.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 41Published evidence snapshotChange in circulating irisin level and its association with lipid metabolism after exenatide treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-01 · retrieved 2026-08-21T17:03:42Z - 42Published evidence snapshotThe Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of a Triple Synergistic Nanoplatform Designed for Targeted Subcutaneous Delivery of Sitagliptin with Potential for β-Cell Preservation.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-07-02 · retrieved 2026-08-28T12:18:09Z - 43Published evidence snapshotGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor PET in indolent and aggressive insulinoma: Diagnostic performance, quantitative differences, and clinical implications.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-07-04 · retrieved 2026-08-25T08:39:52Z - 44Published evidence snapshotGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists for weight management in mental illness: a network meta-analysis.Open ↗
pubmed · T2
Published 2026-07-08 · retrieved 2026-08-25T08:39:52Z - 45Published evidence snapshotEffects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Psoriasis: An "Agent-Specific" Systematic Review of the Literature.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-07-01 · retrieved 2026-08-25T08:29:46Z - 46Published evidence snapshotVutiglabridin overcomes the GLP-1 RA-associated weight-loss plateau to achieve normal body weight.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-07-15 · retrieved 2026-08-25T08:39:52Z - 47Published evidence snapshotIncretin-Based Therapies in Sports: Pharmacological Mechanisms, Performance-Enhancing Potential, and Anti-Doping Implications-A Narrative Review.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-07-08 · retrieved 2026-08-24T08:31:35Z - 48Published evidence snapshotExenatide Attenuates Doxorubicin-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury Through Modulation of SIRT1-HMGB1 Signaling and Oxidative Stress.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-07-15 · retrieved 2026-08-25T08:39:52Z - 49Published evidence snapshotReal-World Comparative Weight Loss of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in the All of Us Research Program: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-01-01 · retrieved 2026-08-23T08:27:39Z - 50Published evidence snapshotEffects of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Exenatide on Mitochondrial Dysfunction After Spinal Cord Injury.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-01-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T08:36:24Z - 51Published evidence snapshotAssociation of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Analogues and Laryngeal Symptoms in Obese Adults.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-12 · retrieved 2026-08-17T23:05:51Z - 52Published evidence snapshotpubmed-42585299Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-17 · retrieved 2026-08-17T23:05:51Z - 53Published evidence snapshotpubmed-42592101Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-08-17 · retrieved 2026-08-17T23:05:51Z - 54Published evidence snapshotGlucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist-Associated Injection Site and Dermatologic Reactions.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-09-03 · retrieved 2026-09-05T08:30:31Z - 55Published evidence snapshotDevelopment of Chondroitin Sulfate ‑ Stabilized PLGA Microspheres of Exenatide via Polarity Gradient Extraction.Open ↗
pubmed · T3
Published 2026-09-08 · retrieved 2026-09-09T08:36:24Z