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Context, anatomy, and key evidence

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Creatine (tracked)

Published evidence · coverage incomplete

Anatomy in the research

Anatomy evidence is still being assembled.

These are anatomical mentions in cited research—not established treatment targets or proof of benefit in people.

This publication has no anatomy passages that meet our source-linking checks yet. Read the available findings ↓

General anatomy view only. No peptide-specific structures are highlighted.

At a glance

What is it—and why does it matter?

An introduction is not yet available. The findings below address specific research questions, not a complete account of this peptide.

This published profile is a reference in progress. Findings retain their source context; missing topics are marked below.

What is it?

A molecule, not a product name.

This profile does not yet contain a published summary for this topic. This is a coverage gap, not evidence that no research exists.

How does it work?

Target, response, and disposition.

Mechanism

The review assessed methodological quality using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale as the appraisal tool.

Sources[1]pubmedEffects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.
Source records
1
Independent studies
1

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.”

    Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. · METHODS

    pubmed:36877404:7342a74f1544:7342a74f1544

Mechanism

Methods state adherence to PRISMA and specify databases and the search end date (19 May, 2022), defining the evidence identification process.

Sources[1]pubmedEffects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.The search strategy in this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were explored from inception until 19 May, 2022.
Source records
1
Independent studies
1

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “The search strategy in this systematic review and meta-analysis was designed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were explored from inception until 19 May, 2022.”

    Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. · METHODS

    pubmed:36877404:7342a74f1544:7342a74f1544

What has been studied?

What the evidence says.

Study findings

A sensitivity analysis excluding studies with asymmetric funnel-plot distribution yielded a similar pooled standardized mean difference and remained statistically non-significant.

Sources[1]pubmedEffects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Further, after excluding the studies not evenly distributed around the base of the funnel plot, the results were similar (pooled standardized mean difference = - 0.07 [95% confidence interval - 0.27 to 0.13]; I2= 0%; p = 0.49).
Reported result
pooled standardized mean difference = - 0.07 [95% confidence interval - 0.27 to 0.13]; p = 0.49; I2= 0%
Source records
1
Independent studies
1

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “Further, after excluding the studies not evenly distributed around the base of the funnel plot, the results were similar (pooled standardized mean difference = - 0.07 [95% confidence interval - 0.27 to 0.13]; I2= 0%; p = 0.49).”

    Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. · RESULTS

    pubmed:36877404:7342a74f1544:7342a74f1544

Study findings

The background notes uncertainty/controversy regarding creatine monohydrate’s impact on aerobic performance and its role during aerobic activities.

Sources[1]pubmedEffects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.However, the effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic performance and its role during aerobic activities is still controversial.
Source records
1
Independent studies
1

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “However, the effect of creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic performance and its role during aerobic activities is still controversial.”

    Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. · BACKGROUND

    pubmed:36877404:7342a74f1544:7342a74f1544

Study findings

Background context states that evidence supports ergogenic effects of creatine monohydrate for short-duration, high-intensity exercise performance in athletes.

Sources[1]pubmedEffects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.There is robust evidence that creatine monohydrate supplementation can enhance short-term high-intensity exercise in athletes.
Source records
1
Independent studies
1

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “There is robust evidence that creatine monohydrate supplementation can enhance short-term high-intensity exercise in athletes.”

    Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. · BACKGROUND

    pubmed:36877404:7342a74f1544:7342a74f1544

Study findings

The results section reports that 13 studies met eligibility criteria and were included, defining the evidence base for the synthesis.

Sources[1]pubmedEffects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.A total of 13 studies satisfied all the eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.
Reported result
13 studies
Source records
1
Independent studies
1

Evidence boundary: Applies only to the source-defined population, formulation, dose, and assessment period.

Exact passages, locators, and provenance
  1. supports · Source-backed record
    “A total of 13 studies satisfied all the eligibility criteria and were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis.”

    Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. · RESULTS

    pubmed:36877404:7342a74f1544:7342a74f1544

Risks and interactions

Risks, organized for scanning.

This profile does not yet contain a published summary for this topic. This is a coverage gap, not evidence that no research exists.

Products and regulatory status

Same ingredient. Different records.

This profile does not yet contain a published summary for this topic. This is a coverage gap, not evidence that no research exists.

Administration context

The practical clinical context.

This profile does not yet contain a published summary for this topic. This is a coverage gap, not evidence that no research exists.

Research status + gaps

What still needs better answers?

  • No publishable claim yet for: administration, contraindication, identity, interaction, regulatory, safety
  • 1 compiled claim(s) withheld by automated assurance: assurance_score_below_0.72 (1), current_regulatory_source_required (1), high_risk_requires_regulatory_or_two_independent_sources (1), no_direct_support (1)
  • A source-backed introductory overview is not yet available.

These are the limits of this profile, not an exhaustive list of scientific uncertainties.

References + discovery

Open the records yourself.

  1. Effects of Creatine Monohydrate on Endurance Performance in a Trained Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. ↗

    pubmed · published 2023-05-01 · retrieved 2026-09-09T21:38:29Z

Publication history and provenance

Version 1 · Automated assessment · 2026-09-09T21:38:29Z

9ce3de48f6463869a2059c06194606fe1b79a47925c44b8f2c81ebbcbfe05142